Autoimmune Oophoritis

Autoimmune Oophoritis is a rare inflammatory disorder where the immune system mistakenly attacks ovarian tissue, leading to premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), infertility, and hormonal imbalance. This presentation explores its pathophysiology, highlighting the breakdown of immune tolerance, production of steroid cell antibodies, and subsequent inflammatory damage that destroys ovarian follicles. Key sections discuss the history, etiology, and risk factors, including genetic predisposition (HLA associations), environmental triggers, and associated autoimmune diseases like Addison’s and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Clinical features—such as menstrual irregularities, amenorrhea, infertility, and fatigue—are examined alongside diagnostic methods involving hormonal assays, imaging, and antibody detection. Conventional therapies like hormone replacement and corticosteroids are compared with emerging holistic approaches, including stem cell and immunotherapy. Future directions emphasize personalized immunotherapy and regenerative medicine for fertility restoration. The presentation concludes with the importance of early diagnosis and multidisciplinary care to improve reproductive outcomes and quality of life.