Sjögren’s Syndrome

Sjögren’s Syndrome is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks the body’s moisture-producing glands, leading to dry eyes and dry mouth, with possible involvement of joints, skin, lungs, kidneys, and the nervous system. This presentation delves into its epidemiology, affecting mainly women aged 40–50 with a 9:1 female-to-male ratio, and explores both primary and secondary forms. The etiology highlights genetic, hormonal, and viral triggers, while the pathophysiology illustrates immune activation of B and T cells leading to glandular destruction. Common symptoms—fatigue, joint pain, and oral infections—are detailed alongside diagnostic criteria such as Schirmer’s test and anti-Ro/La antibodies. Treatment focuses on symptom management, systemic immunotherapy, and emerging regenerative approaches like stem cell therapy and autologous immunotherapy. Emphasizing early detection, the presentation concludes with insights into future directions in personalized medicine aimed at improving life quality and reducing complications such as lymphoma.